The Difference Between Hemp, Cannabis, and Cannabinoids

The big question: Hemp vs. Cannabis

Understanding the difference between hemp and cannabis is crucial when seeking natural alternatives to manage physical and mental health. Although both hemp and cannabis come from the same plant species, Cannabis sativa, they are distinct in their chemical makeup, especially regarding the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the compound responsible for the psychoactive "high" that people associate with marijuana.

• Hemp: Hemp is defined by its low THC content—less than 0.3% THC by dry weight in the United States. This trace amount of THC is too low to produce any psychoactive effects, making hemp products ideal for consumers who want to avoid getting "high" while still benefiting from cannabinoids like cannabidiol (CBD). Hemp is also rich in CBD, which is known for its therapeutic effects without causing intoxication. Hemp-derived CBD products are federally legal in the U.S. and can be used to manage symptoms like pain, anxiety, and inflammation without the risks associated with THC.

• Cannabis: Cannabis, contains higher levels of THCa—typically between 5% and 30%—depending on the strain. While THC can offer significant benefits for pain relief, relaxation, and appetite stimulation, it also induces psychoactive effects, which may not be desirable for all. Some individuals who are sensitive to THC or are concerned about cognitive side effects, such as impaired concentration or feelings of paranoia, may prefer to avoid cannabis or opt for products with balanced CBD-to-THC ratios. However, for some; particularly those dealing with severe pain or PTSD, the combination of THC and CBD may provide enhanced relief, as THC’s psychoactive effects can help with relaxation, mood elevation, and sleep.

Understanding Cannabinoids

In addition to the hemp vs. cannabis distinction, consumers need to understand the diverse array of cannabinoids present in both plants. Cannabinoids are the active compounds in the Cannabis sativa plant that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), which regulates various physiological processes like pain, mood, sleep, and immune function. Each cannabinoid has unique properties and effects on the body, making it important to know which one may work best for specific health issues. Here are some key cannabinoids veterans should be aware of:

• CBD (Cannabidiol): CBD is one of the most well-known cannabinoids and is abundant in hemp. It is non-psychoactive and has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. CBD is highly effective for reducing anxiety, relieving pain, improving sleep, and managing inflammation. Because CBD does not cause a "high," it’s an attractive option for those who want relief without altering their mental state. It also works well for managing chronic conditions over time, as it supports the ECS in maintaining homeostasis (balance) in the body.

• THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): THC is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis and is responsible for the euphoric sensation associated with marijuana use. In addition to its psychoactive effects, THC has powerful medicinal benefits, including pain relief, appetite stimulation, and sleep promotion. When dealing with severe pain, nausea, or insomnia, THC may be a valuable tool, but it should be used with caution due to its intoxicating effects. Some find that small doses of THC combined with CBD (often referred to as the "entourage effect") provide the best relief without overwhelming psychoactivity.

• CBG (Cannabigerol): CBG is another non-psychoactive cannabinoid with emerging therapeutic potential. Known as the "mother cannabinoid" because it’s the precursor to CBD, THC, and other cannabinoids, CBG is being studied for its ability to reduce inflammation, support eye health (especially for conditions like glaucoma), and combat bacteria. Those experiencing inflammatory conditions or chronic illnesses like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may benefit from products containing CBG.

• CBN (Cannabinol): CBN is a mildly psychoactive cannabinoid produced as THC degrades over time. It is known for its sedative effects and is often used as a sleep aid. Some who struggle with insomnia or restlessness, particularly those who do not want to use stronger sedatives, may find CBN to be a helpful, natural alternative for promoting restful sleep.

  
  

How Each Cannabinoid Impacts the Body Differently

Each cannabinoid interacts with the body’s ECS in unique ways, which is why different cannabinoids can have varying effects on mood, pain, sleep, and other health concerns. For veterans, understanding these differences is key to choosing the right products for their individual needs.

• CBD is versatile and non-intoxicating, making it an excellent choice for managing anxiety, chronic pain, and inflammation throughout the day without disrupting normal activities.

• THC, while offering stronger effects for pain and stress relief, may cause intoxication, which should be considered if the consumer needs to remain focused.

  
  
  
  

• CBG could provide additional support for inflammation or digestive health, making it a useful complement to CBD or THC-based treatments.

• CBN is particularly useful for sleep-related issues but should be taken in moderation to avoid potential grogginess during waking hours.

  
  

By combining different cannabinoids, many find they can tailor their treatment to meet their specific needs, creating a personalized regimen that maximizes benefits and minimizes side effects. For example, a product with both CBD and THC may provide enhanced pain relief, while a CBD and CBN combination may be better suited for nighttime relaxation and sleep.

Those interested in using cannabinoids should consult with a healthcare provider experienced in cannabis medicine to determine the right balance of cannabinoids for their symptoms. This approach can ensure that they receive the full therapeutic benefits without unwanted psychoactive effects.

Understanding the difference between hemp and cannabis, as well as the unique properties of various cannabinoids, is essential when seeking effective relief. While hemp-derived CBD products offer a legal, non-intoxicating option for managing many health conditions, cannabis products containing THC may provide stronger relief for more severe symptoms. Knowing how to choose the right cannabinoids allows you to tailor your approach to managing physical, mental, and emotional health challenges.